{"id":72558,"date":"2026-02-10T13:39:27","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T18:39:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/?p=72558"},"modified":"2026-02-10T13:43:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T18:43:48","slug":"a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/","title":{"rendered":"A Michigan dairy CAFO clash over manure digesters and clean water"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>This story was originally published by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2026\/02\/michigan-dairy-cafo-water-pollution-digesters\/\">The New Lede<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GRATIOT COUNTY \u2014&nbsp;Dennis Kellogg has farmed for six decades, at times raising dairy cows or hogs and now mostly growing soybeans. A lot has stayed the same in the sixth-generation farmer\u2019s sparsely populated mid-Michigan community, but one thing has changed in a profound way.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the last 30 years, the area has increasingly become home to large-scale confined animal feeding operations, commonly called CAFOs, which keep large numbers of <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">animals in tight conditions. The operations typically produce large amounts of waste. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gratiot County, Michigan, where Kellogg farms, now has 24 CAFOs generating a combined total of more than 400 million gallons of manure each year.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI\u2019m highly concerned about these industrial-sized facilities,\u201d Kellogg said. Living in a region full of CAFOs, he\u2019s seen manure choke local rivers and contaminate land. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Related:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/after-long-legal-battle-michigan-toughens-poop-patrol-at-factory-farms\/\"><strong>After long legal battle, Michigan toughens poop patrol at factory farms<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/michigans-fight-against-lake-erie-pollution-didnt-work-what-happens-next\/\"><strong>Michigan\u2019s fight against Lake Erie pollution didn\u2019t work. What happens next?<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/michigan-regulators-to-hear-arguments-on-restricting-factory-farm-pollution\/\"><strong>Michigan regulators to hear arguments on restricting factory farm pollution<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As vice president of the Michigan Farmers Union, Kellogg is proudly pro-farm. But he has become a leading voice in trying to stop the latest proposed CAFO buildout.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI\u2019m not against growth \u2026 but concerned about the scale,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-attachment-id=\"72562\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/dennis-kellogg_newlede\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,768\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Dennis Kellogg_NewLede\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Dennis Kellogg, center, is vice president of the Michigan Farmers Union and has expressed concern over concentrated animal farms displacing family farms in Michigan. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dennis Kellogg and other at a table. \" class=\"wp-image-72562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?resize=780%2C585&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Dennis-Kellogg_NewLede.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dennis Kellogg, center, is vice president of the Michigan Farmers Union and has expressed concern over concentrated animal farms displacing family farms in Michigan. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kellogg is among a group of farmers, citizens and environmentalists seeking to rein in CAFO growth in mid-Michigan. He was one of more than a dozen featured speakers at a public hearing held by Michigan regulators on Feb. 3 over the latest proposed dairy CAFO. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The current source of concern for Kellogg and others in the region is KB Dairy, LLC \u2014&nbsp;a dairy farm now under construction that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mienviro.michigan.gov\/ncore\/external\/publicnotice\/info\/-2422492593940087619\/documents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">plans<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to house up to 3,450 dairy cows, which would generate between 16 million and 34 million liquid gallons of manure annually once operational.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The dairy operators are seeking a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit under the federal Clean Water Act as a stand-alone operation. But critics argue the application is an attempt at a legal sleight-of-hand aimed at avoiding stricter regulatory controls.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The address for KB Dairy is the same address as an existing CAFO, De Saegher Dairy, and is owned by the same family. If KB Dairy was considered an expansion of De Saegher Dairy, which already houses 8,000 cows and generates more than 41 million gallons of manure each year, it would create the largest dairy CAFO in the state.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-attachment-id=\"72565\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/cafo_8749-scaled\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?fit=2560%2C1920&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2560,1920\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"CAFO_8749-scaled\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;The address for KB Dairy is the same address as an existing CAFO, De Saegher Dairy, and is owned by the same family. (Jeff Brooks-Gillies\/The New Lede)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A sign for De Saegher Dairy. \" class=\"wp-image-72565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2000%2C1500&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1.jpg?resize=780%2C585&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8749-scaled-1-1024x768.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The address for KB Dairy is the same address as an existing CAFO, De Saegher Dairy, and is owned by the same family. (Jeff Brooks-Gillies\/The New Lede)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CAFOs in Michigan with over 5,000 animals require a groundwater permit in addition to the surface water permit. Despite being over this total, De Saegher Dairy does not have a groundwater discharge permit but recently applied for one through the state, according to regulators.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Carrie La Seur, an attorney at La Seur Law Firm, said it\u2019s impossible to know what impact De Saegher Dairy may be having on groundwater or how great a risk KB Dairy poses until this permitting is complete.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere are a lot of hard questions that need to be asked about the impact of the existing CAFO, and of the proposed CAFO and of the new pits that are going to be dug, on public health and on the quality of the drinking water aquifer,\u201d said La Seur, who was previously at Flow Water Advocates, a Michigan nonprofit organization, and led their advocacy against KB Dairy&#8217;s permitting.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"701\" data-attachment-id=\"72566\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3-44-42-pm-1024x701\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?fit=1024%2C701&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,701\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024&amp;#215;701\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;KB Dairy\u2019s site (highlighted in red) next to De Saegher Dairy infrastructure.&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?fit=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?fit=1024%2C701&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?resize=1024%2C701&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A map of the KB Dairy\u2019s site.\" class=\"wp-image-72566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?w=1024&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?resize=300%2C205&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?resize=768%2C526&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?resize=780%2C534&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?resize=400%2C274&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Screenshot-2026-02-05-at-3.44.42-PM-1024x701-1.png?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">KB Dairy\u2019s site (highlighted in red) next to De Saegher Dairy infrastructure.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concerns about CAFOs and water quality are not limited to Michigan. A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/insideanimalag.org\/factory-farming-is-the-primary-driver-of-u-s-water-pollution\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report released<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> last week found that industrial animal farming is responsible for about 70% of agriculture\u2019s contributions to nutrient pollution in US waterways \u2014 which means it accounts for half of all of the country\u2019s nutrient pollution.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CAFO-heavy states, such as Iowa and North Carolina, have long suffered from water pollution due to large-scale animal farms. In Iowa, for example, industrial animal farms produce more than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodandwaterwatch.org\/2024\/02\/14\/iowa-produces-more-factory-farm-waste-than-any-other-state-analysis-of-new-usda-data-finds\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">100 billion pounds of manure annually<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. This massive amount of manure represents a 78% increase over the past two decades and is more than 25 times the amount of waste from people in the state annually. And <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2025\/07\/watch-controversial-water-contamination-report-targets-iowa-agriculture\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iowa\u2019s waterways are full of contaminants<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> due to this massive amount of manure, along with its heavy pesticide use, including nitrate levels that frequently exceed health standards.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meanwhile the Trump administration has loosened regulatory requirements for CAFOs, including <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2025\/10\/factory-farm-air-pollution-appeal-cafos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">winning an appeal<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> last year that maintained exemptions (put in place during the first Trump administration) for CAFOs from reporting releases of air pollutants such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local researchers warn the addition of yet another CAFO in Gratiot County will further stress an already manure-saturated region by contaminating already severely impaired rivers and creeks. Studies over the past two decades in local watersheds show the manure contamination is spreading antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to the widespread use of antibiotics on the animals kept in close confinement.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But the owners of KB Dairy say that protecting the environment and waterways is important and that they welcome &#8220;oversight and accountability.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">KB Dairy \u201crepresents our commitment to build a life in this community,\u201d Kelsey De Saegher, who is a co-owner along with her husband Bram De Saegher of KB Dairy, said in a public hearing on Feb. 3. \u201cWe care deeply about the environment and being good neighbors.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She said \u201cclean water, healthy land and a strong rural community aren&#8217;t just an idea to us, [they\u2019re] personal.\u201d Supporters of the dairy said the operation would help boost local jobs while producing healthy, local food.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe final question that needs to be asked about this facility and so many like it is: how many animals can a watershed support?\u201d La Seur said.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Impaired watershed&nbsp;<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gratiot County allows manure disposal on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/crcmich.org\/cafopermitting_dennis_20251001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">roughly 55,000 acres<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 which is the second highest among counties in Michigan. And the two main receiving river systems by KB Dairy \u2014\u00a0the Pine River and the Maple River \u2014 already suffer from excess nutrients, harmful bacteria and other contaminants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Michigan dairy CAFO battle: How much manure is too much?\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8T0WrYlvWh0?list=PLES7lkkhcTUEyHEHaxOVB3pQmpUnBrHKb\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De Saegher Dairy has a history of water quality violations documented by the state, including that it put CAFO waste directly into streams in 2020, and a 2023 notice that alleged the farm failed to update its nutrient management plan, which is supposed to include up-to-date herd numbers, waste storage status and mapping water flow on the farm.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Murray Borrello, a researcher and instructor of geology and environmental studies at nearby Alma College, has studied the watersheds around KB Dairy for decades, and said \u201cthere is no site we can find that is not heavily impacted with nutrients and E. coli.\u201d Nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are linked to illness, liver and kidney problems and some cancers, while E. coli can cause illness and infections when ingested.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In his most recent study, Borrello and colleagues found that the average phosphorus levels in a creek that winds near several CAFOs (and fields that apply De Saegher Dairy manure) before converging with Pine River were 15 times higher than the maximum concentration for a healthy stream.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E. coli concentrations were nine times higher than Michigan\u2019s health standard for human contact. \u201cThese results indicate that nutrients are coming from animal waste and not chemical fertilizers,\u201d the study states. The Pine River watershed <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2025\/06\/michigan-pbb-superfund\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is also home<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to an ongoing massive federal cleanup from a chemical company that dumped toxics in the river for decades.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Borrello said the findings are similar in the Maple River watershed.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-attachment-id=\"72568\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/stop_newlede\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1200,800\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"stop_newlede\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;The Maple River watershed is full of contaminants, including E. coli. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?fit=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?fit=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A sign that says &quot;Help stop aquatic hitchhikers.&quot;\" class=\"wp-image-72568\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=1024%2C683&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=300%2C200&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=768%2C512&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=780%2C520&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?resize=400%2C267&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede.jpg?w=1200&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/stop_newlede-1024x683.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Maple River watershed is full of contaminants, including E. coli. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt is clear that the CAFOs that operate or spread manure within the Maple River watershed are contributing antibiotic resistance in the E. coli that we find in these tributaries and in the Maple River itself,\u201d he said. Since 2007, only three out of the more than 30 sites that Borrello and colleagues regularly sampled had an average E. coli level that rendered the water safe to swim in.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E. coli is \u201cpouring into the Pine and Maple (rivers) in damaging quantities\u201d La Seur said, adding that EGLE should require KB Dairy to show that its activities are not going to contribute to the further degradation of those streams. \u201cI haven\u2019t seen that and it is highly unlikely that they can.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Borrello <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthypineriver.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20-Year-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Saginaw-Drainage-Basin-Pine-River-Watershed.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">said samples<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that he and colleagues have taken from the Pine River and Maple River watersheds, including downstream of De Saegher Dairy, have widespread antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which suggests that concentrated livestock are being given antibiotics and passing it in manure. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201cThere is no site we can find that is not heavily impacted with nutrients and E. coli.\u201d &#8211; Murray Borrello, Alma College&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For two common antibiotics used for humans \u2014&nbsp;tetracycline and erythromycin \u2014 \u201call samples we&#8217;ve taken at any time over a period of 10 years have been 100% resistant to these antibiotics\u201d in the upper watersheds of the Pine and Maple rivers, Borrello said. The antibiotic-resistant genes are so prevalent in the rivers that \u201cmerely fishing in the Pine River results in the transfer of this [antibiotic-resistant E. coli] from fish mucus to human hands,&#8221; Borrello and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthypineriver.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/20-Year-Assessment-of-the-Upper-Saginaw-Drainage-Basin-Pine-River-Watershed.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">colleagues wrote<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michigan and Gratiot County are not alone: US communities with CAFO clusters consistently have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0022169422008733\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">higher levels of nutrients<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like nitrogen and phosphorus, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.&nbsp; In Iowa, which has the highest number of CAFOs in the nation, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0048969723053780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">researchers found<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> antibiotic-resistance bacteria in nearly every sample they took from 34 streams.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCAFOs are the primary source of environmental antibiotic-resistant bacterial pollution,\u201d said Andrew deCoriolis, executive director of Farm Forward. \u201cThese farms are causing environmental and human harm and they don&#8217;t pay for it.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last month the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) data showed sales of medically important antibiotics sold for farm animals increased 16% from 2023 to 2024. Such sales <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ewg.org\/news-insights\/news\/2024\/11\/life-saving-antibiotics-jeopardy-growing-use-factory-farmed-animals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">had previously increased<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 10% between 2017 and 2023.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bram De Saegher, listed as the main contact for KB Dairy, and Bart De Saegher, Bram\u2019s father and owner of De Saegher Dairy, did not return requests for a comment.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mienviro.michigan.gov\/ncore\/external\/publicnotice\/info\/-2422492593940087619\/documents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">application<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the state of Michigan, KB Dairy says its discharges will increase the loading of pollutants to the surface waters, and has applied for an exemption for excessive pollution during wet weather. The application lays out a weekly plan to inspect manure storage pits and tanks for leaks and other problems.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dale George, director of communications with Michigan\u2019s Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE), which issues permits for CAFOs, said the agency will consider the existing water quality problems in the river as well as KB Dairy\u2019s manure management plan in finalizing the NPDES permit, which has \u201cdozens of requirements to protect water quality,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-attachment-id=\"72569\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/cafo_8726-1-scaled\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?fit=2560%2C1920&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2560,1920\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"CAFO_8726-1-scaled\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Wind turbines near the KB Dairy construction. (Jeff Brooks-Gillies\/The New Lede)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Snowy land in front of wind turbines. \" class=\"wp-image-72569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2000%2C1500&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1.jpg?resize=780%2C585&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/CAFO_8726-1-scaled-1-1024x768.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Wind turbines near the KB Dairy construction. (Jeff Brooks-Gillies\/The New Lede)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He added that KB Dairy will be required to monitor the volume of CAFO waste discharged and have the waste analyzed for E. coli, phosphorus, ammonia, nitrogen and total suspended solids. Many CAFOs adopt buffer zones, additional testing, and other conservation measures beyond state standards. The KB Dairy application says \u201cthere are no formal conservation practices on the farm.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When asked about KB Dairy being an expansion of De Saegher Dairy since they share an address, George said \u201cthe same address does not constitute same ownership.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When pressed at the Feb. 3 hearing about how the state would ensure they are not acting as one farm moving forward, Samantha Chadwick, an environmental quality analyst with EGLE, said the agency would conduct \u201cregular inspections of the permitted facility once in a five-year period \u2026 then evaluate if they\u2019re operating two separate entities.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At a watch event for the hearing at nearby Alma College, residents groaned and whispered after Chadwick\u2019s statement. \u201cPeople are starting to realize that their cherished way of life is at risk due to these operations,\u201d La Seur said.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Manure digester economics&nbsp;<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Part of the plan for KB Dairy involves the use of anaerobic digesters operating at De Saegher Dairy that will treat the animal waste while also creating biogas, a mix of mostly methane and carbon dioxide that can be sold for use as a natural gas substitute.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advocates of biogas and farm digesters say the technology mitigates agricultural pollution while also creating a usable source of energy. But critics say the use of farm digesters&nbsp;incentivizes the addition of animals to already large farms without actually providing significant environmental benefits.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Michigan fight comes as manure-to-gas digesters are on the rise throughout the US and the Trump administration has given mixed signals on whether it wants to support the still-nascent industry.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some of KB Dairy\u2019s waste will be sent to the anaerobic digesters at De Saegher Dairy, according to KB Dairy\u2019s application to the state. Such digesters are becoming increasingly common in the US at large-scale livestock farms that use bacteria to break down large amounts of animal manure and turn it into \u201cbiogas\u201d, which is a mix of mostly methane and carbon dioxide and used in some vehicles and as a natural gas substitute.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cheryl Ruble, who is on the committee of Michiganders for a Just Farming System, alleged that KB Dairy is an effort to feed the De Saegher Dairy manure digesters. \u201cYou&#8217;ve heard the expression putting the cart before the horse? I call this putting the digester before the cow,\u201d she said.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"565\" data-attachment-id=\"72570\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/chart-1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?fit=1450%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1450,800\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"chart-1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;(Courtesy of US EPA)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?fit=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C565&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C565&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A chart \" class=\"wp-image-72570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C565&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=768%2C424&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C662&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=780%2C430&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?resize=400%2C221&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1.jpg?w=1450&amp;ssl=1 1450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-1-1024x565.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">(Courtesy of US EPA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There has been a flood of new US manure digesters. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/agstar\/agstar-data-and-trends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">an estimated <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">400 manure-based digesters operating in the US (85% are dairy farms), with more than 70 under construction, representing a 55% increase over the past decade, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).&nbsp; The agency estimates manure digester systems would be feasible at more than 8,000 dairy and hog farms. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aaron Smith, a researcher and professor of agricultural and resource economics at the University of California, Berkeley, said manure digesters are creating incentives for CAFOs to expand or concentrate but it\u2019s unclear if those incentives alone are enough to spur expansions.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cPeople in industry will tell you that no farmer is going to start up a dairy farm just for the purpose of farming manure. But would they expand herd size on the margin? That seems plausible,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jonah Greene, a research scientist at Colorado State University, said he and colleagues found that dairy farms start to see the financial benefits of adding a manure digester once they get in the 2,000 to 3,500 range of cows.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThat&#8217;s when a system starts making money or that&#8217;s when the cost of the gas that you&#8217;re producing starts to become competitive with other options on the market,\u201d he said, adding that the viability of systems is also heavily influenced by incentives like renewable energy credits. KB Dairy\u2019s application said it will house between 2,000 and 3,450 cows.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In sending its waste to De Saegher Dairy\u2019s digesters, KB Dairy \u201cwill receive the same amount of waste back and will transfer that waste to other parties for the purpose of land application,\u201d George said. De Saegher Dairy failed to submit air quality reports for its digesters in 2023, and had monitoring failures in 2024, according to state documents.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Michigan Farm Bureau, which did not respond to requests to comment on the KB Dairy CAFO, has supported the expansion of manure digesters in Michigan, saying they will be \u201ca vital part of Michigan reaching its climate and sustainability goals, empowering communities to create green energy while reducing carbon footprints,\u201d in a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.michfb.com\/sites\/default\/files\/2025-08\/anaerobic-digesters-faqs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">white paper<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> last year. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cPeople in industry will tell you that no farmer is going to start up a dairy farm just for the purpose of farming manure. But would they expand herd size on the margin? That seems plausible.&#8221; &#8211; Aaron Smith, University of California, Berkeley<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The future of manure digestion in the US remains unclear as the Trump administration <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">has sent mixed signals on biogas \u2014 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/americanbiogascouncil.org\/one-big-beautiful-bill-signed-into-law-on-independence-day-strengthens-path-to-prairie-powered-renewable-natural-gas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">extending tax credits<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that benefit manure-to-gas digesters in the \u201cOne, Big Beautiful Bill,\u201d but also <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eenews.net\/articles\/epa-unplugs-biogas-to-electricity-in-renewable-fuel-standard\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">removing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the eligibility of biogas-generated electricity\u2019s eligibility for the federal biofuels program. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;And just last month the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2026\/01\/manure-digesters-usda-loan-pause\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">paused<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a loan program aimed at promoting anaerobic digesters \u2014 many of which are issued for large-scale farms that turn animal waste into gas \u2014 citing \u201cunderperformance, loan delinquency and operational failure.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lot of the digester incentives are from public dollars. Smith said the \u201conly thing that makes digesters economically viable is government support. It costs nine to ten times as much to produce gas from a digester as it does to pull it out of the ground.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Emissions reductions and leftover nutrients&nbsp;<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patrick Serfass, executive director of the American Biogas Council, said farmers expand due to economics&nbsp; \u2014&nbsp;not the benefits from manure digesters, which he said are a way to reduce contamination and give farms useable nutrients. \u201cIf you can make sure the manure is fully digested in the controlled environment, then the material, the solids and liquids that you end up with, are not going to produce more gases or they&#8217;ll produce significantly less gases than they would have otherwise,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd that material has now been converted into nutrient-rich soil amendments that you can do lots of different things with.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhat we&#8217;re doing with these biogas systems is actually one of the oldest processes in the universe,\u201d he added.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"565\" data-attachment-id=\"72571\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/chart-2-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?fit=1450%2C800&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1450,800\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"chart-2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;(Courtesy of US EPA)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?fit=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?fit=1024%2C565&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=1024%2C565&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"A graph\" class=\"wp-image-72571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=1024%2C565&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=300%2C166&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=768%2C424&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=1200%2C662&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=780%2C430&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?resize=400%2C221&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2.jpg?w=1450&amp;ssl=1 1450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/chart-2-1024x565.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">(Courtesy of US EPA)<br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manure digesters reduced greenhouse gases by more than 13 million metric tons in 2023, according to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/agstar\/agstar-data-and-trends\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">most recent data available from the EPA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. And the stuff left over after the digester does its work \u2014&nbsp;called \u201cdigestate\u201d \u2014&nbsp;can augment farm soils. A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2666154325003138?via=ihub=#bib49\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2025 study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on an Iowa farm that used digesters and spread digestate found that soil organic carbon and soil fertility both benefited more from digestate than just spreading raw manure.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIntegrating anaerobic digestion on farms can help reverse soil degradation and enhance agricultural sustainability,\u201d the authors wrote.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But critics warn that manure digesters can also worsen pollution. Last year Johns Hopkins <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40572-025-00512-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">researchers reviewed the literature on manure digesters and found<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that, when spread on fields, digestate can contaminate local waterways with phosphorus, nitrogen and pathogens.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cDigestate may pose a higher risk for soil and water quality because the elements in it are more soluble compared to undigested manure,\u201d the authors wrote, also noting that the digesters do reduce greenhouse gas emissions but, due to leaks the reductions are modest.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Permitting decision&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">George said a final permit decision will not occur until EGLE considers all public comments, which the agency is accepting until Feb. 13. However, the state seems intent on issuing the permit. KB Dairy\u2019s application \u201cmeets all regulatory requirements, and we\u2019re required to issue permits if they meet those requirements,\u201d Rebecca Maurer, who issues permits through EGLE\u2019s water resources division, said at the Feb. 3 hearing. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-attachment-id=\"72572\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/a-michigan-dairy-cafo-clash-over-manure-digesters-and-clean-water\/attachment\/img_5026-scaled\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?fit=2560%2C1920&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2560,1920\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"IMG_5026-scaled\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Gratiot County residents gathered on Feb. 3 at Alma College to listen in to a public hearing on KB Dairy. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"People sitting in a meeting. \" class=\"wp-image-72572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=768%2C576&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2048%2C1536&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=2000%2C1500&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1.jpg?resize=780%2C585&amp;ssl=1 780w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/IMG_5026-scaled-1-1024x768.jpg?w=370&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><br>Gratiot County residents gathered on Feb. 3 at Alma College to listen in to a public hearing on KB Dairy. (Brian Bienkowski\/The New Lede)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After hearing several concerns from neighbors throughout the hearing, Kelsey De Saegher reiterated their commitment to farming in a sustainable way. \u201cWe live here, raise our children here and we drink the same water as everybody else in this community.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kellogg said Michigan\u2019s Farmers Union remains committed to the rights of farmers, but is an advocate for \u201cthe family farm unit.\u201d&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWe define that as what a family can operate themselves. We\u2019re seeing that highly concentrated units are displacing our family farms.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\/2026\/02\/michigan-dairy-cafo-water-pollution-digesters\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article<\/a> first appeared on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thenewlede.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The New Lede<\/a> and is republished here under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License<\/a>.<img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" height=\"150\" width=\"150\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 1em; height: 1em; margin-left: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.thenewlede.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/cropped-tnl_favicon-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150&#038;ssl=1\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A proposed dairy CAFO in mid-Michigan is fueling a heated fight over clean water, manure pollution and the future of industrial farming \u2014 as supporters tout jobs and renewable energy, and critics warn local rivers are already overwhelmed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1839,"featured_media":72561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","inline_featured_image":false,"apple_news_api_created_at":"2026-02-10T18:39:37Z","apple_news_api_id":"c52165e5-cfb2-4fff-921a-e36336ecb8d8","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2026-02-10T18:43:57Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQ==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AxSFl5c-yT_-SGuNjNuy42A","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[2444],"tags":[62],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4242],"class_list":["post-72558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-michigan-environment-watch","tag-rural-michigan","entry"],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - 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But years of legal challenges from farming interests kept them from enforcing them until now.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Michigan Environment Watch&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Michigan Environment Watch","link":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/category\/michigan-environment-watch\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Cows mill around in a pen","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Cows-on-farm-Shutterstock-e1761773357444.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Cows-on-farm-Shutterstock-e1761773357444.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Cows-on-farm-Shutterstock-e1761773357444.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Cows-on-farm-Shutterstock-e1761773357444.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Cows-on-farm-Shutterstock-e1761773357444.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7625,"url":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/guest-commentary\/opinion-dear-gov-whitmer-its-time-take-lead-lake-erie-cleanup\/","url_meta":{"origin":72558,"position":3},"title":"Opinion | Dear Gov. Whitmer: It&#039;s time to take lead on Lake Erie cleanup","author":"Howard A. Learner","date":"December 23, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Michigan is running ahead, but Indiana, Ohio and Ontario aren\u2019t on course to achieve a 40 percent reduction in phosphorous pollution\u00a0by 2025.\u00a0 Let\u2019s stop kicking the can, the author writes.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Guest Commentary&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Guest Commentary","link":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/category\/guest-commentary\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Howard A. Learner","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/howard.jpg?fit=404%2C403&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":64970,"url":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/michigan-regulators-to-hear-arguments-on-restricting-factory-farm-pollution\/","url_meta":{"origin":72558,"position":4},"title":"Michigan regulators to hear arguments on restricting factory farm pollution","author":"Eli Newman","date":"August 7, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy is holding a public hearing to discuss a contested permit that regulates manure runoff.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Michigan Environment Watch&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Michigan Environment Watch","link":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/category\/michigan-environment-watch\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_1918823609-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_1918823609-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_1918823609-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_1918823609-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_1918823609-scaled.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2022,"url":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/michigan-environment-watch\/michigan-has-new-way-fight-climate-change-energy-cow-poop-and-urine\/","url_meta":{"origin":72558,"position":5},"title":"Michigan has a new way to fight climate change: Energy from cow poop and urine","author":"Keith Schneider, Circle of Blue","date":"December 28, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Amid a push toward renewable energy in Michigan, taxpayers are subsidizing technology to turn animal feces into fuel.\u00a0 Opponents say it further subsidizes the growth of an industry responsible for widespread water pollution problems.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Michigan Environment Watch&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Michigan Environment Watch","link":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/category\/michigan-environment-watch\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"farm field, dusted with snow","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/slack-imgs_0.jpg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/slack-imgs_0.jpg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/slack-imgs_0.jpg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/slack-imgs_0.jpg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/bridgemi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/slack-imgs_0.jpg?fit=1200%2C662&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1839"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72558"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72575,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72558\/revisions\/72575"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/72561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72558"},{"taxonomy":"newspack_spnsrs_tax","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/newspack_spnsrs_tax?post=72558"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bridgemi.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=72558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}